Research Objective: Today’s business environment, cost and complexity of the project on the hand in creased uncertainty And risk in the business environment has on the other hand. Toreduce the risk of project managers and project deviations from targets the use of risk management In planning and controlling project, priority their activities hand construction projects such as the variety Of activities managed by different contractors, in particular the complexity of the relationship between management and stak holders and the diversity needed and provide them unstable business environment in Iran requires that a coherent, integrated approach to the field of risk assessment and management, betaken. In this study, the risk of project-based housing cooperative activities will be discussed. Thus, to study and complete review of the literature study and inter views of experts in the constructionindustry, identify risk have been in and grouped according to respondents, the owner is reset, the likelihood and severity of the effect of MULTIple dimensions of cost, time and quality were determined. The control factors are also likely to be discovered and were manageable.Method: research, applied research and data gathering descriptive case study method is Done. To do so, the survey and review the cash of cooperative housing project can be used. Also, previous research library research can be achieved and knowledge documents related to stanards and codes of engineering organization and the ministry of cooperatives and ministry of municipality and urban planning can also help complete list of housing cooperative project risk. In order to finalize the list of identified risk in cooperative housing project can be semi- structured inter Views with experts in this project was arranged.Findings: The findings show that all the proposed solutions, an important indicator to dramatically reduce the risk.A brief review of these strategies shows that most of the identified risk due to the lack of a professional Mechanism for the managements of housing cooperatives and project is construction. Another reason of risk, DECISIONs and comments by members of the board of directors or the managing director is individual tastes.Conclusion: Housing cooperative, including non-government organizations that have an important role in providing Housing for the lower strata of society and contribute to the realization of economic justice and providing housing for the people of the country, has.the housing cooperative carrying out relevant activities and to help ensure their success could have enormous social impact.

In determining the allocation of water resources, the probable conditions of water resources and water demands are considered as the water allocation scenarios in the basin scale. Then, these scenarios are evaluated in the context of integrated water resources management and from the perspective of sustainable development indicators. The best scenario is selected in order to determine the water allocations. In these evaluations, there are spatial distributions and their interactions are simultaneously the key charaterictics in the DECISION matrix. These features are not often considered in the evaluation process. In the present study, distributed indicators and simple and integrated MULTI-CRITERIA evaluation MODELS, including ANP and CP methods, were used to evaluate the water allocation scenarios in the Aras Basin. The results showed that modeling of the spatial distribution and interactions of water allocation impacts was not possible through any of the simple MULTI-CRITERIA evaluation methods. Simplifying and discarding one or two key features in the evaluation process can lead to significant uncertainties on rankings with a Spearman coefficient of-0. 1. By implementing the integrated spatial DECISION-MAKING approach and applying two features simultaneously, the fourth scenario was ranked first. The proposed approach was compared with the individual MODELS, showing more accurate, with the correlation coefficients of 0. 5, 0. 6 and 0. 7...

MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM) has been widely applied to strategic DECISION situations. In some of these situations we involve with MCDM problems with special structures within their alternatives. This paper focuses on the structure of alternatives and proposes a new problem structuring approach based on hierarchical alternatives, an appropriate solution methodology based on fuzzy outranking, and finally gives a numerical example to illustrate the proposed approach.

With the aim of development and reducing regional inequalities, regional planning is one of the most important subiects in developing countries. Regional planning requires the identification of the position of areas relative to each other in terms of their development. The aim of this study is to investigate and assess the level of Kermanshah province in terms of development indicators in order to find out the level of regional inequalities. The population of Kermanshah province is considered as statistical population. According to the investigated parameters of the research approach, it is “Descriptive - quantitative and analytical". This research is trying to use the 61 indicators based on 1390 almanac statistics and utilizes three statistical techniques of Vikor, Electre, SAW and integration of results with Copeland technique, classify existing inequalities in Kermanshah province. The results show that the Levels of development have been unbalanced and there is large gap and inequality among different cities of province in terms of development. The difference and inequality exist in various sectors of infrastructure such as economic, health, education, culture, social welfare and social. Only one city Gilangharb is developed and the rest of cities are semi- developed and deprived. To reduce inequalities in development in the province it is suggested that distribution of health, education and infrastructure indicators should be directed towards balanced growth and the index of infrastructure be emphasized more than the other indicators.

Today tourism industry is as an important source of income in the world and yet effective factors which are contributing to the cultural exchange countries has the largest movement of people in peace time and one of the most promising development activities that are referred to as the gate of development. Tourism is a complex and contradictory phenomenon. It’s a beneficial industry, balanced economic development in the regions. In recent decades the development of the tourism industry make it as one of the main economic activities of developed countries, have led planners to increase tourism income, paying attention to two important issues: first the satisfaction of tourists and to promote the enjoyment and quality of the tourism experience and second trying to protect the interests of host communities. Currently many countries get their economic and social benefits from tourism and used tourism revenues for infrastructure development in the region...

Background and Objective: Environmental literacy is the ability to understand the natural systems that make our lives on planet possible, so in an environmentally literate society, there is a sustainable society that knows that its life depends on the environment. In this study, the level of environmental education (knowledge, attitude and practice) of students of Malayer University regarding different aspects of the environment was evaluated. Method: The method of this research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection is descriptive-survey research. The statistical population of all students is studying in the second semester of 2016-2017. In 7 faculties of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Basic Sciences, Engineering, Literature and Humanities, Mathematics and Statistics, Agriculture, Civil Engineering and Architecture Studying. The importance and prioritization of environmental literacy indices were investigated using the hierarchical analysis DECISION MAKING model. Findings: Based on the results of students' knowledge and attitude about the environment, they are at a relatively good level but it's not the same in faculties. The highest level of knowledge was in the students of the Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences and then at the Faculty of Agriculture. Then, the importance and prioritization of environmental literacy indicators were studied. To this end, a hierarchical analysis DECISION MAKING model was used. Based on the results of the three main CRITERIA of knowledge, attitude and practice, the highest priority was the knowledge standard with a weight of 0. 69. Also, the performance criterion with weight of 0. 23 and attitude with weight of 0. 07 respectively had second and third priorities in terms of students. Discussion and Conclusion: Among the three CRITERIA of knowledge, attitude and practice of knowledge criterion are the most important. Raising the weight of students' environmental knowledge and understanding of environmental degradation factors and understanding which factors are most threatening the environment in today's society are promising for having a healthy environment and achieving sustainable development. Also, the result is that students in the environmental sciences have a better understanding of the environment and related issues, Emphasizes the need to incorporate efficient environmental education throughout higher education institutions. Therefore, universities can increase the level of environmental education of the students in the training of human resources specialists and responsible for the environment to take effective steps to research the goals of sustainable development.

Regarding the 6% annual average rate of growth in using the electricity in the country and the necessity of setting up more than 3000 MW additional power plants, it is necessary to prioritize the kind of power plant based on the range of CRITERIA. In this study by considering the different economic, environmental, political and social and technical CRITERIA, power security and by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process for weighing these CRITERIA and evaluating the amount of qualitative CRITERIA and PROMETHEE method to calculate the amount of quantitative CRITERIA, we have evaluated and prioritized different alternatives in generating the electricity. Among the 23-CRITERIA determined by the experts, the Levelized Cost of Energy for each KW is in the first grade, the security of securing the entrance resource is in the second grade, the initial investment is in the third grade, the effect on keeping and saving the terminable resources is in the fourth grade and the impact on the diversification of the supply system is in the fifth grade. And finally three CRITERIA affecting on other nations (soft power), knowledge spillover and the amount of the land used for power plant can be utilized. The results of this study show that, wind, hydro-electric, photovoltaic, combined cycle, nuclear, gas and steam power plants are the priorities.

Introduction: Medical Records Department (MRD) is important for evaluating, planning and prioritizing health care services. The major aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the MRDs of hospitals using MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING approach in the selected hospitals of Isfahan city, Iran.Methods: This was an analytical and cross-sectional study that was conducted in spring 2008 in Isfahan, Iran. The study population consisted of the MRD of Al-Zahra, Kashani and Khorshid hospitals in Isfahan. Data were collected through brainstorming technique. Expert Choice software was used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that relative weight of archiving unit had the higher degree of importance than others in terms of information management. However, in terms of customer aspect, relative weight of admission unit had the higher degree of importance than others. Relative weight of medical records departments in Al-Zahra, Kashani and Khorshid hospitals in Isfahan were 0.394, 0.342 and 0.264, respectively.Conclusion: It is necessary for managers to allocate and prioritize resources according to MULTIple CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM) ranking at every units of the MRD.